Helium
In 1868 the French astronomer Pierre Janssen first detected helium as an unknown yellow phantom line signature in light from a solar conceal. Since then large reserves of helium have been found in the natural gas fields of the United States, which is by far the largest provider of the gas. It is used in cryogenics, in deep-sea breathing systems, to cool superconducting magnets, in helium dating, for inflating balloons, for providing lift in airships and as a protecting gas for many industrial uses (such as arc welding and growing silicon wafers). A much less serious use is to momentarily change the quality and quality of one's voice by inhaling a small number of the gas.
Helium (He) is a colorless, neutral, tasteless, harmless, inert monatomic compound element that heads the noble gas series in the sporadic table and whose atomic number is 2. Its boiling and melting points are the lowest among the elements and it exists only as a gas except in extreme conditions. Extreme conditions are also needed to create the small handful of helium compounds, which are all rickety at standard warmth and pressure. In its most common form, helium-4, it has two neutrons in its core, while a second, rarer, stable isotope called helium-3 contains just one neutron. The behavior of liquid helium-4's two fluid phases, helium I and helium II, is important to researchers studying quantum mechanics and to those looking at the effects that temperatures near complete zero have on matter.
Helium is the second most plentiful and second lightest element in the known creation, and is one of the elements believed to have been created in the Big Bang. In the modern universe almost all new helium is created as a result of the nuclear synthesis of hydrogen in stars. On Earth helium is rare, and almost all of that which exists was created by the radioactive molder of much heavier elements (alpha particles are helium nuclei). After its creation, part of it was trapped with natural gas in concentrations up to 7% by volume, from which it is extracted commercially by fractional sanitization. Large reserves of helium have been found in the natural gas fields of the United States but helium is known in gas reserves of a few other countries.
Helium (He) is a colorless, neutral, tasteless, harmless, inert monatomic compound element that heads the noble gas series in the sporadic table and whose atomic number is 2. Its boiling and melting points are the lowest among the elements and it exists only as a gas except in extreme conditions. Extreme conditions are also needed to create the small handful of helium compounds, which are all rickety at standard warmth and pressure. In its most common form, helium-4, it has two neutrons in its core, while a second, rarer, stable isotope called helium-3 contains just one neutron. The behavior of liquid helium-4's two fluid phases, helium I and helium II, is important to researchers studying quantum mechanics and to those looking at the effects that temperatures near complete zero have on matter.
Helium is the second most plentiful and second lightest element in the known creation, and is one of the elements believed to have been created in the Big Bang. In the modern universe almost all new helium is created as a result of the nuclear synthesis of hydrogen in stars. On Earth helium is rare, and almost all of that which exists was created by the radioactive molder of much heavier elements (alpha particles are helium nuclei). After its creation, part of it was trapped with natural gas in concentrations up to 7% by volume, from which it is extracted commercially by fractional sanitization. Large reserves of helium have been found in the natural gas fields of the United States but helium is known in gas reserves of a few other countries.
posted by puffaloonie at 8:04 AM
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