Electric motor

An electric motor converts electrical power into mechanical energy. The reverse task, that of converting mechanical energy into electrical energy, is proficient by a generator or dynamo. Traction motors used on locomotives often perform both tasks if the locomotive is equipped with active brakes. Electric motors are found in household appliance such as fans, refrigerators, washing machines, pool pumps and fan-forced ovens.Most electric motors work by electromagnetism, but motors based on other electromechanical phenomenon, such as electrostatic services and the piezoelectric effect, also exist.
The fundamental principle upon which electromagnetic motors are based is that there is a mechanical force on any current-carrying wire controlled within a magnetic field. The force is described by the Lorentz force law and is vertical to both the wire and the magnetic field. Most magnetic motors are rotary, but linear motors also exist. In a rotary motor, the rotate part is called the rotor, and the stationary part is called the stator. The rotor rotates because the wires and magnetic field are arranged so that a torque is residential about the rotor's axis.